Towards Sustainable Mobility: Willingness to shift to public transport in Peninsular Malaysia
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v10iSI41.7737Keywords:
Private Vehicle, Public Transport, Unwillingness to Shift, Willingness to ShiftAbstract
Urban traffic congestion in Malaysia leads to longer travel times, higher emissions, and economic losses. Despite policies promoting public transport, usage remains low. This study examines commuters’ willingness to transition to public transport in Peninsular Malaysia using a mixed-methods approach that combines questionnaires and interviews. Findings reveal a generally low willingness to shift from private vehicles, influenced by demographic factors such as gender, age, occupation, and region. Understanding these patterns is essential for policymakers to design effective strategies that promote sustainable mobility and reduce reliance on private vehicles.
References
Abou-Zeid, M., Fujii, S. (2016). Travel satisfaction effects of changes in public transport usage. Transportation 43, 301–314. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11116-015-9576-3
Afrianti, D., Handayani, S., Setiawan, D., & Amelia, T. (2024). Implementation of carbon tax policies to encourage the use of public transportation in cities. J. of Infrastructure, Policy and Development, 8(11), 7325. DOI: https://doi.org/10.24294/jipd.v8i11.7325
Borhan, M. N., Ibrahim, A. N. H., Syamsunur, D., & Rahmat, R. A. (2019). Why public bus is a less attractive mode of transport: A case study of Putrajaya, Malaysia. Periodica Polytechnica Transportation Engineering, 47(1), 82-90. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3311/PPtr.9228
Cohen, L., Manion, L., & Morrison, K. (2001). Research methods in education (5th ed). London: Routledge Falmer. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203224342
Deborah N. (2025). Evaluation of Urban Public Transport Priority Performance. Building Materials and Engineering Structures 3(1), 1-12 DOI: https://doi.org/10.46632/bmes/3/1/1
Department of Statistics Malaysia. (n.d.). MyDemography [Dashboard]. Retrieved October 1, 2024, from https://tableau.dosm.gov.my/t/BPPDBahagianperangkaanpendudukdanDemografi/views/MyDemography/MyDemography?%3Aembed=y&%3AisGuestRedirectFromVizportal=y&%3Aorigin=card_share_link
Fattah, M. A., Morshed, S. & Kafy, A. (2022). Insights into the socio-economic impacts of traffic congestion in the port and industrial areas of Chittagong city, Bangladesh. Transportation Engineering. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.treng.2022.100122
Gałka, P., Grzelec, K., Hebel, K., Judge, E., & Wyszomirski, O. (2020). Urban public transport as a tool of sustainable mobility policy – the example of Poland. Electronic Markets, 154-184. DOI: https://doi.org/10.18778/2082-4440.31.01
J.L. Kent. (2025). Car ownership through the parenting journey and beyond. Travel Behaviour and Society 40 101011. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2025.101011
Kim Mee, C., Subramaniam, G., Ating, R., & C. Separa, L. A. (2022). Willingness to use Public Transport in Kuala Lumpur & Manila. Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal, 7(21), 411–419. DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7i21.3751
Kwan, S. C., Sutan, R., & Hashim, J. H. (2018). Trip characteristics as the determinants of intention to shift to rail transport among private motor vehicle users in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Sustainable Cities and Society, 36, 319-326. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2017.10.030
M. Pi, H. Yeon, H. Son and Y. Jang. (2021). Visual Cause Analytics for Traffic Congestion," in IEEE Transactions on Visualisation and Computer Graphics, vol. 27, no. 3, pp. 2186-2201. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/TVCG.2019.2940580
Mayburov, I., & Leontyeva, Y. (2016). Forming the social optimum of passenger flows in urban agglomerations in Russia. 6, 01008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20160601008
Othman, A. G., & Hj. Ali, K. (2020). Transportation and quality of life. Planning Malaysia, 18(13). DOI: https://doi.org/10.21837/pm.v18i13.774
Rahman, Md. M., Najaf, P., Fields, M. G., & Thill, J. C. (2021). Traffic congestion and its urban scale factors: Empirical evidence from American urban areas. Int. Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 16(5), 406–421. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2021.1885085
Rasca S. & Saeed N. (2022). Exploring the factors influencing the use of public transport by commuters living in networks of small cities and towns. Travel Behaviour and Society 28 (2022) 249–263. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tbs.2022.03.007
Saeidizand, P., Fransen, K., & Boussauw, K. (2022). Revisiting car dependency: A worldwide analysis of car travel in global metropolitan areas. Cities 120, 103467. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cities.2021.103467
Urbanek A. (2021). Potential of modal shift from private cars to public transport: A survey on the commuters’ attitudes and willingness to switch – A case study of Silesia Province, Poland. Research in Transportation Economics 85 (2021) 101008. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.retrec.2020.101008
Wong R.C.P., Szeto W.Y.*, Yang L, Li Y.C. and Wong S.C. (2018). Public transport policy measures for improving elderly mobility. Transport Policy, 63, 73-79. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2017.12.015
Zarabi, Z., Waygood, E., Friman, M., Olsson, L., & Gousse-Lessard, A. (2024). Enhancing public transport use: The influence of soft pull interventions. Transport Policy. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2024.05.005
Zeiske, N., Van Der Werff, E., & Steg, L. (2021). The effects of a financial incentive on motives and intentions to commute to work with public transport in the short and long term. Journal of Environmental Psychology. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvp.2021.101718
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Akmalia Shabadin, Hawa Mohamed Jamil, Muhammad Ruhaizat Abd Ghani, Rohayu Sarani, Mohd Shafie Nemmang, , Siti Zaharah Ishak
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
