An Analysis of Individual Entrepreneurial Orientations in Predicting Malaysian Engineers' Intention to Quit the Jobs using PLS-SEM Approach

Idris Osman; Maryam Jameelah Mohd Hashim; Idaya Husna Mohd; Suhailah Kassim; Mohd Zailani Othman; Suraya Hamimi Mastor

doi:10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.3926

Authors

Idris Osman Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, Kampus Bandaraya Melaka, 110 Off Jalan Hang Tuah, 75300 Melaka, Malaysia
Maryam Jameelah Mohd Hashim Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Idaya Husna Mohd Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Selangor, Kampus Puncak Alam, Bandar Puncak Alam, 42300, Puncak Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
Suhailah Kassim Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, Kampus Bandaraya Melaka, 110 Off Jalan Hang Tuah, 75300 Melaka, Malaysia
Mohd Zailani Othman Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, Kampus Bandaraya Melaka, 110 Off Jalan Hang Tuah, 75300 Melaka, Malaysia
Suraya Hamimi Mastor Faculty of Business and Management, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Cawangan Melaka, Kampus Bandaraya Melaka, 110 Off Jalan Hang Tuah, 75300 Melaka, Malaysia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.21834/ebpj.v7iSI8.3926

Keywords:

Individual Entrepreneurial Orientation , Intention To Quit, Engineers, Entrepreneurial Orientation Theory

Abstract

The objective of this study is to investigate the influence of individual entrepreneurial orientation (IEO) on the engineers' ITQ based on entrepreneurial orientation theory. The data were analysed using the Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modelling (PLS-SEM) to validate the research model and hypotheses. The findings reveal that the more IEO an organisation practices, the less likely its engineers' ITQ current jobs. Theoretically, this study extends the value of IEO components in predicting engineers' ITQ. Additional knowledge is required to incorporate the roles of IEO and engineers' behavioural expectations in order to address engineering talent shortages in a competitive labour market.

References

Agarwal, U. A., Datta, S., Beard, S. B. & Bhargava, S (2012). Linking LMX, innovative work behaviours and turnover intentions: the mediating role of work engagement. Career Development International. 17(3), 208-230.

Alam, M., Nasir, N. & Rehman, C. Intrapreneurship concepts for engineers: a systematic review of the literature on its theoretical foundations and agenda for future research. Journal of Innovation Entrepreneurship 9, 8 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-020-00119-3

Alavi, S. B., Moteabbed, S. M. & Arasti, R. (2012). A qualitative investigation of career orientations of a sample of Iranian software engineers. Scientia Iranica. 19(3), 662- 673.

Allen I. E. & Seaman, C. A. (2007). Likert scales and data analyses. Quality Progress. 40(7), 64-65.

Andrée, M. & Hansson, L. (2015). Recruiting the next generation scientists and industrial engineers: how industrial actors engage in and motivate engagement in STEM initiatives. Procedia - Social and Behavioral Sciences, 167, 75-78.

Bagozzi, R. & Yi., Y. (1988). On the evaluation of structural equation models. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 16, 74-94

Buekens, W. (2014). Fostering intrapreneurship: the challenge for a new game leadership. Procedia Economics and Finance.16, 580-586.

Bigliardi, B., Petroni, A. & Dormio, A. I. (2005). Organizational socialization, career aspirations and turnover intentions among design engineers. Leadership & Organization Development Journal, 26(6), 424-441.

Bolton, D. L. & Lane, M. D. (2012). Individual entrepreneurial orientation: development of a measurement instrument. Education and Training. 54(2/3), 219-233.

Campbell, R. I., Gluesing, J. & Perelli, S. (2012). Mindfulness and product failure management: an engineering epistemology. International Journal of Quality & Reliability Management. 29(6), 642-665.

Choi, J. S. & Kim, K. M. (2015). Job embeddedness factors as a predictor of turnover intention among infection control nurses in Korea. American Journal of Infection Control, 43, 1213.

Covin, J. G. & Slevin, D. P. (1986). The development and testing of an organizational-level entrepreneurship scale. in Ronstadt, R. et al. (Eds). Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research, Babson College, Wellesley, MA, 628-39.

Covin, J. G. & Slevin, D. P. (1991). A conceptual model of entrepreneurship as firm behaviour. Entrepreneurship Theory & Practice, 16(1), 7-25.

Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive behaviour in organisations. Journal of Management, 26(3), 435-462.

Cummins, R. A. & Gullone, E. (2000). Why we should not use 5-point Likert scales: the case of subjective quality of life measurements. Proceedings, Second International Conference on Quality of Life in Cities, National University of Singapore, 74-93.

Davis, J. L., Bell, R. G., Payne, G. T. & Kreiser, P. M. (2010). Entrepreneurial orientation and firm performance: the moderating role of managerial power. American Journal of Business, 25(2), 41–54.

Doh, J. P., Smith, R. R., Stumpf, S. A. & Tymon Jr, W. G. (2011). Pride and professionals: retaining talent in emerging economies. Journal of Business Strategy, 32(5), 35- 42.

Entebang, H., Harrison, R. T. & Run, E. C. (2010). Entrepreneurial orientation of public enterprises in Malaysia. Business Strategy Series, 11(2), 75-77. Elenurm, T. (2012). Entrepreneurial orientations of business students and entrepreneurs. Baltic Journal of Management. 7(2), 217-231.

Eutsler, J. & Lang, B. (2015). Rating scales in accounting research: the impact of scale points and labels. Behavioural Research in Accounting, 27(2), 35-51.

Fornell, C. & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Evaluating structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39- 50.

Gefen, D., Straub, D. & Boudreau, M. C. (2000). Structural equation modeling and regression: guidelines for research practice. Communications of the Association for Information Systems, 4(7).

Govaerts, N., Kyndt, E., Dochy, F. & Baert, H. (2011). Influence of learning and working climate on the retention of talented employees. Journal of Workplace Learning. 23(1), 35-55.

Grip. A. D. & Smits, W. (2012). What affects lifelong learning of scientists and engineers? International Journal of Manpower, 33(5), 583-597.

Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E. & Tatham, R. L. M. (2010). Multivariate data analysis (7th Ed.), Pearson-Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle.

Hair, J. F., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2011). PLS-SEM: indeed a silver bullet. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice. 18(2), 139-152.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. A. (2014). Primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). California: SAGE Publications, Inc.

Hair, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2017). A primer on partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). 2nd Edition. Thousand Oaks: Sage.

Henseler, J., Ringle, C. M. & Sarstedt, M. (2015). A new criterion for assessing discriminant validity in variance-based structural equation modeling. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science. 43, 115–135.

Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture's Consequences: International Differences in Work- Related Values. Beverly Hills, CA: Sage.

Igbaria, M. & Siegel, S. R. (1992). An examination of the antecedents of turnover propensity of engineers: an integrated model. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management. 9, 101-126.

Igbaria, M., Kassicieh, S. K. & Silver, M. (1999). Career orientations and career success among research, and development and engineering professionals. Journal of Engineering Technology Management. 16, 29-54.

Jia, J., Wang, G. & Yu, X. Z. X. (2014). Exploring the relationship between entrepreneurial orientation and corporate performance. Nankai Business Review International, 5(3), 326–344.

Kaewsri, N. & Tongthong, T. (2013). Professional Development of Female Engineers in the Thai Construction Industry. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 88, 291- 298.

Khalili, H., Nejadhussein, S. & Fazel, A. (2013). The influence of entrepreneurial orientation on innovative performance. Journal of Knowledge-based Innovation in China, 5(3), 262–278.

Kharbanda, O. P. & Stallworthy, E. A. (1990). Management for engineers. International Journal of Operations and Production Management. 10(6), 2-91.

Kollmann, T., Christofor, J. and Kuckertz, A. (2007). Explaining individual entrepreneurial orientation: conceptualisation of a cross-cultural research framework. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business 4(3), 325-340.

Krishnakumar, S., Devi, S. P. & Rao, K. S. P. (2013). A business dynamics model in entrepreneurial orientation for employees. Industrial and Commercial Training, 45(1), 36–50.

Kropp, F., Lindsay, N. J. & Shoham, A. (2006). Entrepreneurial, market, and learning orientations and international entrepreneurial business venture performance in South African firms. International Marketing Review, 23(5), 504-523.

Lejdeby, N., & Östman, C. (2019). How to Win the War for Talent among Professional Engineers: An Employer Branding Perspective. Luleå University of Technology.

Lumpkin, G. T. & Dess, G. G. (1996). Clarifying the entrepreneurial orientation construct and linking it to performance. Academy of Management Review. 21(1), 135-172. Lumpkin, G.T., & Dess, G. G. (2001). Linking two dimensions of entrepreneurial orientation to firm performance: The moderating role of environment and industry life cycle. Journal of Business Venturing, 16, 429-451.

Matteson, S. (2021). How to become an entrepreneurial engineer and create your own career path. https://www.techrepublic.com/article/how-to-become-an-entrepreneurial-engineer-and-create-your-own-career-path/

Miranda, C.,Goñi, J, Berhane, B. and Carberry, A. (2020). Seven Challenges in Conceptualizing and Assessing Entrepreneurial Skills or Mindsets in Engineering Entrepreneurship Education. Educ. Sci. 2020, 10, 0309; doi:10.3390/educsci10110309

Mora, J. C. G., Monsalve, E. J. B. and Maldonado, J. J. C.(2019). Management context of entrepreneurship in engineers and architects in Tachira, Venezuela. Journal of Physics: Conference Series, 1418 012015

McInerney, D. M., Ganotice, F. A., King, R. B., Herbert W. Marsh, H. W. & Morin, A. J. S. (2015). Exploring commitment and turnover intentions among teachers: What we can learn from Hong Kong teachers. Teaching and Teacher Education, 52, 11-23.

Menzel, H. C., Aaltio, I. & Ulijn, J. M. (2007). On the way to creativity: engineers as intrapreneurs in organisations. Technovation, 27, 732–743.

Miller, D. (1983). The correlates of entrepreneurship in three types of firms. Management Science, 29, 770-91.

Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd Ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill.

Rathi, N. & Lee, K. (2015). Retaining talent by enhancing organisational prestige: an HRM strategy for employees working in the retail sector. Personnel Review. 44(4), 454-469.

Rathi, N. & Lee, K. (2017). Role of basic psychological need satisfaction in retaining talent: an investigation in the Indian context. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Administration, 9(1), 2-15.

Rengamani, J. (2018). A study on the marine engineers retention strategy by the shipping companies in India. International Journal of Production Technology and Management, 9(2), 22-30.

Sangar, R. & Rangnekar, S. (2014). Role satisfaction and entrepreneurship: An approach to analyze the dynamics of relationships. Journal of Entrepreneurship in Emerging Economies, 6(2), 122–139.

Singh, R., Fouad, N. A., Fitzpatrick, M. E., Liu, J. P., Cappaert, K. J. & Figuereido, C. (2013). Stemming the tide: predicting women engineers’ intentions to leave. Journal of Vocational, 83, 281-294.

Taatila, V. & Down, S. (2012). Measuring entrepreneurial orientation of university students. Education and Training, 54(8), 774-760.

Tett, R. P. & Meyer, J. P. (1993). Job satisfaction, organizational commitment, turnover intention, and turnover: Path analysis based on meta-analytic findings. Personnel Psychology. 46(2), 342-346.

Tremblay, M., Wils, T. & Proulx, C. (2002). Determinants of career path preferences among Canadian engineers. Journal of Engineering Technology Management. 19,1-23. Tuzun, I.K. (2007), “Antecedents of turnover intentions towards a service provider”, Business Review, Vol. 8, pp. 128-134.

Urbach, N., & Ahlemann, F., (2010). Structural equation modeling in information systems research using partial least squares. Journal of Information Technology Theory and Application, 11(2), 5-40.

Williamson, J. M., Lounsbury, J. W. & Han, L. D. (2013). Key personality traits of engineers for innovation and technology development. Journal of Engineering Technology Management. 30, 157-168.

Wipulanusat, W., Panuwatwanich, K., Stewart, R. A., Sunkpho, J., & Thamsatitdej, P. (2021). Achieving career satisfaction through fostering innovation: lessons from the engineering profession in the Australian public sector. Engineering Manage- ment in Production and Services, 13(4), 7-21. doi: 10.2478/emj-2021-0028

Yang, C., Ma, Q. & Hu, L. (2011). Job embeddedness: a new perspective to predict voluntary turnover. Nankai Business Review International. 2(4), 418-446.

Yi, C. P., Sheu, & Zhi, H. (2009). A research review on entrepreneurial and intrapreneurial characteristics. The 9th International Conference on Electronic Business, Macau, November 30-December 4, 2009.