Factors Influencing Healthcare Professionals’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Self-efficacy in CPR
Keywords:
knowledge, Attitude, Self-efficacy, cardiopulmonary resuscitationAbstract
Abstract
Background: Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) is a vital lifesaving intervention for patients experiencing cardiac arrest. Despite its importance, variations in CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy among healthcare professionals remain a global issue, particularly in geographical areas with limited access to healthcare. Significance: Understanding the factors that influence CPR competency is essential for developing effective training programs and enhancing clinical practice. This review synthesizes current evidence to identify gaps and inform future interventions. Aim: To investigate the levels of CPR knowledge, attitude, and self-efficacy among healthcare professionals, as well as to explore the factors influencing these domains. Methods: A systematic review of 14 cross-sectional studies published between 2019 and 2024 was conducted. The studies were retrieved from PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, primarily focusing on healthcare professionals, particularly nurses. Selection criteria were established to ensure the collection of high-quality data, and relevant English-language publications were included. Data were extracted regarding CPR knowledge, attitude, self-efficacy, and associated factors. Statistical significance was evaluated using reported p-values and correlation coefficients. Finding: A systematic review of 14 studies conducted in Asia and Africa revealed significant variations in CPR knowledge levels, with those demonstrating good knowledge ranging from 11.9% to 89.5%. Positive attitudes were reported by up to 65% of participants, while self-efficacy was generally high, with as many as 89.4% expressing confidence in their abilities. Key factors influencing these outcomes included age, work experience, CPR training, area of specialty, and even had exposure to cardiac arrest cases. Limitations: The review is limited by the heterogeneity in study area, sample sizes, and measurement tools, which may limit comparability. Some studies lacked data on attitude or self-efficacy, and publication bias may be present due to language and database restrictions. Implications: The findings highlight the need for standardized, frequent, and practical CPR training. Enhancing CPR training and support systems can enhance healthcare professionals' knowledge, attitudes, and self-efficacy. Ultimately, this will lead to better patient outcomes and an improved standard of care.
Keywords: Knowledge; Attitude; Self-efficacy; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation
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