Women’s Propensity to Contribute to the Housewives’ Social Security Scheme (SKSSR) in Malaysia: An empirical study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v10iSI38.7644Keywords:
Housewive’s Social Security Sceme (SKSSR), social security, SOCSO, womenAbstract
This paper examines the propensity of women to contribute to the Housewives’ Social Security Scheme (SKSSR), introduced by SOCSO, to enhance their social protection. Acknowledging women’s crucial role in family and community wellbeing, the study explores determinants such as trust, promotion, awareness, and financial capability to contribute to SKSSR. Data was collected through structured electronic questionnaires in Selangor and Negeri Sembilan. All variables exhibit positive correlations with the propensity to contribute to SKSSR, with trust being the strongest predictor. Thus, it provides insights for SOCSO and policymakers to improve SKSSR’s implementation strategy, communication, and sustainability in social protection for women.
References
Bujang, A. A., Jiram, W. R. A., Md Yusof, A., & Abu Zarin, H. (2020). The role of trust in influencing individual participation in social protection programs. Journal of Social Policy and Society, 17(1), 33–44.
Department of Statistics Malaysia. (2025, August 14). [2Q 2025] Demography. OpenDOSM. https://open.dosm.gov.my/publications/demography_2025-q2
Elson, D. (2017). Recognize, reduce, and redistribute unpaid care work: How to close the gender gap. New Labor Forum, 26. https://doi.org/10.1177/1095796017700135
Ghosh, S., & Kanjilal, K. (2018). Understanding trust in social security and health systems: A review of recent literature. Social Science & Medicine, 212, 15–21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2018.07.019
ILO. (2021). Social protection for all: How to bridge the gap. International Labour Organization.
Kotler, P., Keller, K. L., & Manceau, D. (2015). Marketing management (15th ed.). Pearson Education.
Loewe, M. (2024). Social security in Egypt: An analysis and agenda for policy reform. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.2218806
Lusardi, A., & Mitchell, O. S. (2014). The economic importance of financial literacy: Theory and evidence. Journal of Economic Literature, 52(1), 5–44. https://www.aeaweb.org/articles?id=10.1257/jel.52.1.5
Malaysian Gazette. (2024, December 30). Skim Keselamatan Sosial Suri Rumah terbukti lindungi kebajikan pencarum – Kasthuri. https://malaysiagazette.com/2024/12/30/skim-keselamatan-sosial-suri-rumah-terbukti-lindungi-kebajikan-pencarum-kasthuri/
Marina, V., Shrestha, N., Manandhar, M., Dhimal, S. K., & Joshi, S. K. (2020). Awareness on social health insurance scheme among locals in Bhaktapur municipality. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council, 18(3), 422–425. https://doi.org/10.33314/jnhrc.v18i3.2471
Mayer, R. C., Davis, J. H., & Schoorman, F. D. (1995). An integrative model of organizational trust. Academy of Management Review, 20(3), 709–734. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.1995.9508080335
Nadzri, N. R. M., Awang, N., Yusof, S., & Ismail, N. (2025). Informal business sector and elevated risk for women. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 15(8). http://dx.doi.org/10.6007/IJARBSS/v15-i8/25794
Nasir, M. N. A. (2021). A Mixed Method Evaluation of The Financial Aid System for Disabled Persons in Malaysia. International Journal of Politics, Publics Policy and Social Works, 3 (8), 13-28. https://doi.org/10.35631/IJPPSW.38002
Ng, J. J., Samsudin, S., & Mohd Daud, S. N. M (2024). Financial vulnerability, resilience, and willingness to pay for social protection schemes among gig workers: Empirical evidence from Malaysia. Southeast Asian Journal of Economics. 12(3), 71-105.
Ngo, Q. D., & Nguyen, Q. H. (2025). Activating Voluntary Social Insurance Participation in Vietnam’s Informal Sector: An Integrated Theoretical Framework Synthesising Planned Behaviour and Self-Determination Theories. SAGE Open, 15(3), 21582440251379753. https://doi.org/10.1177/21582440251379753
ODI. (2020). The role of information in enhancing social protection access. Overseas Development Institute. https://media.odi.org/documents/social_protection_and_forcibly_displaced_people.pdf
OECD. (2019). Enabling women's economic empowerment. Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development. https://www.oecd.org/content/dam/oecd/en/publications/reports/2019/06/enabling-women-s-economic-empowerment_7e05c98b/ec90d1b1-en.pdf
Razavi, S. (2011). Engendering social security and protection: Challenges for making social security and protection gender equitable. Friedrich-Ebert-Stiftung, Department for Global Policy and Development.
Roscoe, J. T. (1975). Fundamental research statistics for the behavioral sciences. Holt, Rinehart & Winston.
Samad, A.S., Padil, H. M., Ibrahim, S. S., Zainal, N., & Idris, S. H. (2025). Malaysia's Social Protection: Advocating for an Integrated and Comprehensive Approach. In Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Administrative Science (ICAS 2024) (Vol. 941, p. 466). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.2991/978-94-6463-791-5_47
SOCSO. (2022). Social protection and its significance for informal sectors in Malaysia. https://www.perkeso.gov.myStripo. (n.d.). What is promotion in marketing: Definition and examples. Retrieved from https://stripo.email/glossary/what-is-promotion-in-marketing-definition-and-examples/
Uchiyama, Y., Furuoka, F., & Md Akhir, M. N. (2022). Gig workers, social protection and labour market inequality: Lessons from Malaysia. Jurnal Ekonomi Malaysia, 56(3). https://doi.org/10.17576/JEM-2022-5603-09
UNDP. (2022). Social inclusion through education and awareness: A pathway for women. United Nations Development Programme. https://www.undp.org
UN Women. (2023). Empowering women through social protection awareness programs. https://news.un.org/en/story/2023/07/1138997
Wango, N. (2024). Voluntary Contributions to Pension Schemes: A Study Among Actors in the Informal Economy in Tanzania. Journal of Social Science Studies, 11(1), 174.
Yusof, R. B., Abd Samad, S., Azizan Zainuddin, K. H. M. S., Setijaningrum, E., & Cheong, E. (2024). Beyond the ride: A PLS-SEM analysis on the SKSPS contribution dynamics in Malaysian e-hailing odyssey. International Journal of Research and Innovation in Social Science, 8(4), 1529–1544. https://dx.doi.org/10.47772/IJRISS.2024.804112
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Suhaimi Abd Samad, Nik Nursyakila Zakaria, Nur Rashidah Mohd Shah, Pawinee Chuayprakong

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.