Embedding Facilities Management Epistemology into Mutawalli Competencies Training Module Toward Sustainable Waqf Asset Performance

Abstract

Waqf assets in Malaysia underperform due to a lack of strategic management among Mutawallis. This study proposes integrating Facilities Management epistemology into Mutawalli training to enhance asset sustainability. Qualitative interviews with seven experts identified nine essential FM components, including strategic alignment, IT integration, and accountability. Crucially, the framework blends these technical skills with Islamic principles, such as Maqasid al-Shariah and Tawhidic concepts. By adopting this interdisciplinary training module, waqf institutions can address operational inefficiencies, optimise socio-economic impact, and ensure long-term growth. This research provides a practical roadmap for policymakers to professionalise waqf management through systematic, performance-based strategies.