Role of Intelligence in Advancing Tourism Safety and Growth: A Cross-Country Empirical Analysis

Abstract

Tourism safety is a key driver of destination competitiveness and sustainable development. This study examines the link between societal intelligence—proxied by average IQ—and tourism safety using cross-national data. Results reveal a significant positive relationship: higher cognitive capacity is associated with improved safety, stronger institutions, and greater visitor confidence. A reinforcing mechanism is identified in which safer environments further enhance institutional efficiency and knowledge accumulation. Additionally, the interaction between intelligence and safety positively influences tourism productivity. The findings underscore the importance of integrating human capital, education, and digital governance into tourism policy to strengthen resilience and performance.