Spatial–Temporal Assessment of Urban Flood Vulnerability Using GIS and AHP in Klang River Basin
Keywords:
Urban Flood Vulnerability, Environment–Behaviour Interaction, Spatial–Temporal GIS, Urbanisation, Flood ExposureAbstract
Urban flooding poses a critical challenge in rapidly urbanising river basin areas. Taman Sri Muda, located in the Klang River Basin, Malaysia, has experienced recurrent flooding driven by intense rainfall, rising water levels, and urban development. This study assesses the spatial–temporal evolution of flood vulnerability in 2016, 2020, and 2024 using a GIS-based multi-criteria decision analysis approach. Rainfall, water level, elevation, slope, and land use were integrated using the Analytic Hierarchy Process and weighted overlay analysis. Results show increased flood vulnerability between 2016 and 2020, with modest improvement by 2024, providing insights for evidence-based urban planning and flood management.
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