Environment–Behaviour Dynamics in Informal Settlements and Health Outcomes in Lagos, Nigeria

Abstract

Rapid informal development is altering residential settings and everyday behaviours, with implications for health. Quantitative data (n = 184) was utilized to analyse the environment-behavior dynamics that link housing problems, infrastructural inadequacies, and health hazards in Lagos informal settlements. The findings show that widespread perceptions of poor housing, weak design, and restricted services influence hygiene behaviours and exposure to environmental dangers. Malaria, respiratory infections, and mental stress were common and behavioural adaptation and governance weaknesses seen major mediators. The study concludes that integrated housing-health interventions, improved infrastructure, and participatory upgrading are critical for creating healthier, more resilient informal urban communities.