KAM-C Model of Myopia Management for School-aged Children

Abstract

Myopia has emerged as a significant public health concern, particularly among children in Malaysia, driven by lifestyle and environmental changes. Despite the availability of effective myopia control strategies, adoption remains inconsistent, largely shaped by parental decision-making. This study employs a qualitative phenomenological approach to explore parental awareness, knowledge, attitudes, and practices in myopia management. Guided by the Health Belief Model (HBM) and the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB), the study proposes the Knowledge–Attitude–Practice Clinical Integration (KAM-C) Model. The model integrates behavioral insights into clinical workflows to enhance treatment uptake, adherence, and long-term visual outcomes.