Food Hygiene at On-Site Premises in Perak and Selangor: Are We Ready for Self-Regulatory Practices?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1568Keywords:
consumer well-being, food hygiene, food surface contact, food handler, the on-site premiseAbstract
Safe and hygienic food add value to food intake and prevent undesirable health conditions. Food handlers who are at the forefront of the food service process must monitor and measure the standards of their food hygiene and its preparation and cooking practices. This study investigates how ready food handlers at on-site premises are for self-regulatory practices. Food surface contacts were chosen for investigation via purposive sampling and swab analysis to unravel hidden messages about the level of hygiene standards in the foodservice operation. The findings reveal the existence of contamination across the majority of the selected contact surfaces that could affect the consumers’ well-being and quality of life.
Keywords: consumer well-being; food hygiene; food surface contact; food handler; the on-site premiseÂ
eISSN: 2398-4287 © 2019. The Authors. Published for AMER ABRA cE-Bs by e-International Publishing House, Ltd., UK. This is an open-access article under the CC BYNC-ND license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/). Peer–review under responsibility of AMER (Association of Malaysian Environment-Behaviour Researchers), ABRA (Association of Behavioural Researchers on Asians) and cE-Bs (Centre for Environment-Behaviour Studies), Faculty of Architecture, Planning & Surveying, Universiti Teknologi MARA, Malaysia.
DOI: https://doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v4i10.1568
References
A Guide to Environmental Microbiological Testing for the Food Industry†(2008). http://microgenbioproducts.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/8/2016/02/Path-Chek-Guide-to-Environmental-Monitoring_09.05.08-_9_.pdf
Abdul Mutalib, N. A., Abdul Rashid, M. F., Mustafa, S., Amin Nordin, S., Hamat, R. A., & Osman, M. (2012). Knowledge, attitude and practices regarding food hygiene and sanitation of food handlers in Kuala Pilah, Malaysia. Food Control, 27(2), 289–293.
Ali, A. A., & Immanuel, G. (2017). Assessment of Hygienic Practices and Microbiological Quality of Food in an Institutional Food Service Establishment J Food Process Technol 2017, 8:8. DOI: 10.4172/2157-7110.1000685
Ayçiçek, H., Aydoğan, H., Küçükkaraaslan, A., Baysallar, M., & Başustaoğlu, A. C. (2004). Assessment of the Bacterial Contamination on Hands of Hospital Food Handlers. Food Control, 15(4), 253–259. doi:10.1016/s0956-7135(03)00064-1
Baghapour, M.A., Mazloomi, S.M., Azizi, K., Sefidkar, R. (2015). Microbiological Quality of Food Contact Surfaces in a Hospital Kitchen in Shiraz, Iran, 2014. J Health Sci surveillance System, 3(4), 128–132.
Begani, R.K., Tombe, B., & Polong, T. (2012). The effectiveness of Cleaning and Sanitation of Food Contact Surfaces in the PNG Fish Canning Industry. Contemporary PNG Studies: DWU Research Journal, 16, 68-82.
Blackburn, C.W. (2003). Microbiological Analysis and Food Safety Management: GMP and HACCP systems. In: McMeekin TA, editor. Detecting Pathogens in Food. Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited, 3-17.
Department of Statistics Malaysia (2018). Press Release Economic Census 2016: Tourism Statistics
Department of Statistics Malaysia (2018). Release series 187/2018.
European Food Safety Authority. (2014) Foodborne Zoonotic Diseases. Retrieved December 12, 2018, from https://www.efsa.europa.eu/en/topics/topic/food-borne-zoonotic-diseases.
Field, A. (2009). Discovering Statistics using SPSS (3rd Edition). London: Sage Publications
Food Act, Laws of Malaysia: Food Act and Regulations, 9th ed. Kuala Lumpur: MDC Publishers Printers, 1983.
Gorman R, Bloomfield, S. & Adley, C.C. (2002). A study of cross-contamination of food-borne pathogens in the domestic kitchen in the Republic of Ireland. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 76(1-2), 143–150.
Hawker, J., Begg, N., Blair, L., Reintjes, R., Weinberg, J., & Ekdahl, K. (2012). Section 2: Common topics. Communicable Disease Control and Health Protection Handbook. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. P. 17-57. https://doi.org/10.1002/9781444346961.ch2
Ipi Grew 4.9pct In August, Says Statistics Dept. (n.d.). Retrieved from https://sg.finance.yahoo.com/news/ipi-grew-4-9pct-august-052412718.html
ISO 18593:2004. Microbiology of Food and Animal Feeding Stuffs -- Horizontal Methods for Sampling Techniques from Surfaces Using Contact Plates and Swabs. Retrieved on 21st December 2018 from https://www.iso.org/standard/39849.html.
Jeinie, M. H., Saad, M., Sharif, M. S. M., & Nor, N. M. (2016). Hygiene practices and food safety knowledge for biological, chemical and physical hazards. Social Sciences, 11(19), 4633-4637.
Knechtges, P.L. (2012). Food Safety: Theory and Practice. Burlington: Jones & Bartlett Learning. ISBN-13: 9780763785567
Linscott, A.J. (2011). Food-borne Illnesses. Clinical Microbiology Newsletter, 33 (6), 41–45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.clinmicnews.2011.02.004
Loukieh, M., Mouannes, E., Abou Jaoudeh, C., Hanna Wakim, L., Fancello, F., & Bou Zeidan, M. (2018). Street Foods in Beirut City: An Assessment of the Food Safety Practices and of the Microbiological Quality. Journal of Food Safety, 38(3), e12455. doi:10.1111/jfs.12455
Nhlapo, N., R.J.K, Lues., & Groenewald, W.H. (2014). Microbial Counts of Food Contact Surfaces at Schools Depending on A Feeding Scheme. South Africa Journal of Science, 110(11/12), Art. #2013-0351, 1-5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/ sajs.2014/20130351
Nielsen, E. M., Marianne N. Skov, M. N., Madsen, J.J., Lodal, J., Jørgen Brøchner Jespersen, J.B & Dorte L. (2004). Verocytotoxin-Producing Escherichia coli in wild birds and rodents in close proximity to farms. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 6944–6947.
Meftahuddin, T. (2002). Review of the Trends and Causes of Food Borne Outbreaks in Malaysia from 1988 to 1997. Med J Malaysia, 57(1):70-79.
Miller, A. 1996. Wooden and Polyethylene Cutting Boards: Potential for the Attachment and Removal of Bacteria from Ground Beef. J. Food Protect, 59, 854-859. https://doi.org/10.4315/0362-028X-59.8.854
MOH. (2011). Annual Report. Planning Division, Health Informatics Centre, Ministry of Health, Malaysia. Downloaded from www.moh.gov.my on 12/12/2018.
Pepper, I.L., & Gerba, C.P. (2009). Environmental Microbiology. 2nd Ed. Burington, MA: Elsevier, 173-189.
Pérez-RodrÃguez, F., Valero, A., Carraso, E., Garcia, R.M., & Zurera, G. (2008). Understanding and Modelling Bacterial Transfer to Foods: A Review. Trends Food Sci. Technology, 19, 131-144. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tifs.2007.08.003
Report Buyer (2017). Halal Market Size, forecast and Trend Analysis, 2014 to 2024, December 2017, 65 pages. https://www.reportbuyer.com/product/5205107
Saad, M., See, T. P., & Adil, M. A. M. (2013). Hygiene practices of food handlers at Malaysian government institutions training centers. Procedia-Social and Behavioural Sciences, 85, 118-127.
Saad, M., Toh, P.S., Foong Abdullah, M.F., & Md Nor, N. (2016). Enhancing Regular Monitoring of Food-Contact Surface Hygiene with Rapid Microbial Kits. Asian Journal of Behavioural Studies (AjBeS), 3(11), 75-83. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/ajbes.v3i11.103
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2019 Mazni Saad, Mohd Hanafi Azman Ong, Noor Suzana Osman, Norhidayah Abdullah
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License.
