ChatGPT and the Shaping of Literary, Cultural, and Media Discourses

Abstract

Scholars and media institutions have long shaped literary and cultural canons. In the digital era, tools like ChatGPT increasingly mediate knowledge in literature, culture, and media. This study explores how ChatGPT constructs discourse and whether it reinforces dominant canons or integrates diverse perspectives across English and French. Using a qualitative comparative approach, ten questions on postcolonial literature, feminist theory, and media criticism were analyzed. Findings show that English responses are more theoretically detailed, while French responses are more descriptive. The results suggest an implicit hierarchy of knowledge shaped by dominant canons, highlighting the need for critical use of AI in the humanities.